Muhadaroh as Pesantren-Based Oral Da'wah Communication: Developing Students' Public Speaking, Religious Language, and Digital Media Readiness

Authors

Sakira Maulana Amin , Jamilah

DOI:

10.70211/ltsm.3026-7196.481

Published:

2026-06-13

Downloads

Abstract

This study examines muhadaroh as pesantren-based oral da'wah communication training for developing students' public speaking, religious language use, and digital media readiness. Although practiced in a face-to-face setting, muhadaroh is relevant to the intersection of language, communication, and digital da'wah because students must construct Islamic messages ethically and contextually for physical and mediated audiences. This qualitative descriptive study with a phenomenological orientation was conducted at Mafatihul Huda Islamic Boarding School, West Tanjung Jabung Barat. Data were gathered through observation, semi-structured interviews with the pesantren head, instructor, and participating students, and documentation, then analyzed through reduction, thematic display, conclusion drawing, and triangulation. Findings show that muhadaroh is implemented through MC practice, Qur'anic recitation, sholawat, berzanji or nadzom, speech delivery, evaluation, and closing prayer. The activity strengthens speech organization, vocal delivery, confidence, audience awareness, Islamic message construction, and communicative identity. Its implementation is supported by mentoring, regulation, and a conducive environment, but constrained by low interest, limited audio facilities, anxiety, and timing. The study contributes a contextual model for linking pesantren oral communication pedagogy with future digital da'wah literacy.

Keywords:

Muhadaroh Da'wah Communication Religious Language Public Speaking Pesantren Digital Da'wah Social Media Readiness

References

[1] M. Slama, “Practising Islam through social media in Indonesia,” Indonesia and the Malay World, vol. 46, no. 134, pp. 1–4, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2018.1416798

[2] W. W. Hew, “The art of dakwah: Social media, visual persuasion and the Islamist propagation of Felix Siauw,” Indonesia and the Malay World, vol. 46, no. 134, pp. 61–79, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2018.1416757

[3] E. F. Nisa, “Social media and the birth of an Islamic social movement: ODOJ (One Day One Juz) in contemporary Indonesia,” Indonesia and the Malay World, vol. 46, no. 134, pp. 24–43, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2017.1416758

[4] S. Hjarvard, “Mediatization and the changing authority of religion,” Media, Culture & Society, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 8–17, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443715615412

[5] H. A. Campbell and G. Evolvi, “Contextualizing current digital religion research on emerging technologies,” Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 5–17, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.149

[6] S. M. Nasir and J. Juhansyah, “Kewajiban dakwah: Analisis hadis perintah dakwah dan hadis menyampaikan kebenaran,” Mu’ashir: Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi Islam, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 145–158, 2025. https://doi.org/10.35878/muashir.v3i2.1810

[7] F. Pohl, “Islamic education and civil society: Reflections on the pesantren tradition in contemporary Indonesia,” Comparative Education Review, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 389–409, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1086/503882

[8] R. A. Lukens-Bull, “Two sides of the same coin: Modernity and tradition in Islamic education in Indonesia,” Anthropology & Education Quarterly, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 350–372, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1525/aeq.2001.32.3.350

[9] E. Srimulyani, “Muslim women and education in Indonesia: The pondok pesantren experience,” Asia Pacific Journal of Education, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 85–99, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1080/02188790601145564

[10] E. Muafiah, N. E. Sofiana, and U. Khasanah, “Pesantren education in Indonesia: Efforts to create child-friendly pesantren,” Ulumuna, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 447–471, 2022. https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v26i2.558

[11] M. Latif et al., “Multicultural attitudes in an Islamic boarding school of South Sulawesi, Indonesia,” Cogent Education, vol. 8, no. 1, Art. no. 1968736, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2021.1968736

[12] R. Rosiyah and N. I. Rofiqoh, “Implementasi program muhadoroh sebagai media pengembangan public speaking santri di Pondok Pesantren Sirojul Haromain Pongangan,” SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 1911–1926, 2026. https://doi.org/10.55681/sentri.v5i2.5781

[13] S. Khadijah and N. Ramayani, “Implementasi ekstrakurikuler muhadharah dalam meningkatkan public speaking siswa MTS Pondok Pesantren Modern Tajussalam Besilam,” CENDEKIA: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Bahasa dan Pendidikan, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 107–115, 2023. https://doi.org/10.55606/cendikia.v3i1.673

[14] M. Adiib, “Strategi meningkatkan skill communication santri melalui kegiatan muhadharah di Ma’had Ulul Albab MAN 2 Lamongan,” AJER: Advanced Journal of Education and Religion, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 50–55, 2026. https://doi.org/10.52166/ajer.v3i1.12333

[15] A. I. Rahmania and M. Husni, “Integrasi pengembangan PAI melalui kegiatan muhadloroh sebagai pembentukan karakter dan keterampilan berbicara santri di Madrasah Diniyah Biba’afadlrah,” Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bhinneka, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 3510–3517, 2026. https://doi.org/10.58266/jpmb.v4i3.1038

[16] M. H. Albaihaqi, “Implementasi program ekstrakulikuler muhadharah dalam meningkatkan percaya diri siswa MI Tarbiyatul Atfal Gunting 2 Sukorejo,” Al-Abshor: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 140–152, 2025. https://doi.org/10.71242/372b2355

[17] D. Viora, Y. F. Surya, and R. Marta, “Metode berpidato yang efektif,” Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling (JPDK), vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 5963–5968, 2023. https://doi.org/10.31004/jpdk.v5i2.16087

[18] G. D. Bodie, “Communication apprehension,” in The International Encyclopedia of Interpersonal Communication. Hoboken, NJ, USA: Wiley, 2020, pp. 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119172042.ieic0021

[19] J. C. McCroskey, “Measures of communication-bound anxiety,” Speech Monographs, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 269–277, 1970. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637757009375677

[20] J. C. McCroskey, M. J. Beatty, P. Kearney, and T. G. Plax, “The content validity of the PRCA-24 as a measure of communication apprehension across communication contexts,” Communication Quarterly, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 165–173, 1985. https://doi.org/10.1080/01463378509369595

[21] R. Grieve, J. Woodley, S. E. Hunt, and A. McKay, “Student fears of oral presentations and public speaking in higher education: A qualitative survey,” Journal of Further and Higher Education, vol. 45, no. 9, pp. 1281–1293, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1080/0309877X.2021.1948509

[22] L. LeFebvre, L. E. LeFebvre, and M. Allen, “Training the butterflies to fly in formation: Cataloguing student fears about public speaking,” Communication Education, vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 348–362, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1080/03634523.2018.1468915

[23] K. K. Dwyer and M. M. Davidson, “Is public speaking really more feared than death?,” Communication Research Reports, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 99–107, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2012.667772

[24] A. C. F. Marinho, A. M. de Medeiros, A. C. C. Gama, and L. C. Teixeira, “Fear of public speaking: Perception of college students and correlates,” Journal of Voice, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 127.e7–127.e11, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.12.012

[25] A. Gallego, L. McHugh, M. Villatte, and R. Lappalainen, “Examining the relationship between public speaking anxiety, distress tolerance and psychological flexibility,” Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, vol. 16, pp. 128–133, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2020.04.003

[26] J. C. McCroskey, “Oral communication apprehension: A summary of recent theory and research,” Human Communication Research, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 78–96, 1977. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1977.tb00599.x

[27] A. Bandura, “Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change,” Psychological Review, vol. 84, no. 2, pp. 191–215, 1977. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191

[28] F. Pajares, “Self-efficacy beliefs in academic settings,” Review of Educational Research, vol. 66, no. 4, pp. 543–578, 1996. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543066004543

[29] B. J. Zimmerman, “Self-efficacy: An essential motive to learn,” Contemporary Educational Psychology, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 82–91, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1999.1016

[30] D. H. Schunk and M. K. DiBenedetto, “Motivation and social cognitive theory,” Contemporary Educational Psychology, vol. 60, Art. no. 101832, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2019.101832

[31] D. H. Schunk, “Self-efficacy and human motivation,” in Advances in Motivation Science, vol. 8. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier, 2021, pp. 153–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.adms.2020.10.001

[32] N. E. Dunbar, C. F. Brooks, and T. Kubicka-Miller, “Oral communication skills in higher education: Using a performance-based evaluation rubric to assess communication skills,” Innovative Higher Education, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 115–128, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10755-006-9012-x

[33] S. van Ginkel, J. Gulikers, H. Biemans, and M. Mulder, “Towards a set of design principles for developing oral presentation competence: A synthesis of research in higher education,” Educational Research Review, vol. 14, pp. 62–80, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2015.02.002

[34] S. van Ginkel, J. Gulikers, H. Biemans, and M. Mulder, “The impact of the feedback source on developing oral presentation competence,” Studies in Higher Education, vol. 42, no. 9, pp. 1671–1685, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2015.1117064

[35] S. van Ginkel, J. Gulikers, H. Biemans, and M. Mulder, “Fostering oral presentation performance: Does the quality of feedback differ when provided by the teacher, peers or peers guided by tutor?,” Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, vol. 42, no. 6, pp. 953–966, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2016.1212984

[36] J. Hattie and H. Timperley, “The power of feedback,” Review of Educational Research, vol. 77, no. 1, pp. 81–112, 2007. https://doi.org/10.3102/003465430298487

[37] V. J. Shute, “Focus on formative feedback,” Review of Educational Research, vol. 78, no. 1, pp. 153–189, 2008. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654307313795

[38] P. L. Anderson et al., “Virtual reality exposure therapy for social anxiety disorder: A randomized controlled trial,” Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, vol. 81, no. 5, pp. 751–760, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033559

[39] R. Reeves et al., “360° video virtual reality exposure therapy for public speaking anxiety: A randomized controlled trial,” Journal of Anxiety Disorders, vol. 83, Art. no. 102451, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2021.102451

[40] R. Reeves et al., “A meta-analysis of the efficacy of virtual reality and in vivo exposure therapy as psychological interventions for public speaking anxiety,” Behavior Modification, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 937–965, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445521991102

[41] P. Lindner et al., “Therapist-led and self-led one-session virtual reality exposure therapy for public speaking anxiety with consumer hardware and software: A randomized controlled trial,” Journal of Anxiety Disorders, vol. 61, pp. 45–54, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2018.07.003

[42] V. Braun and V. Clarke, “Using thematic analysis in psychology,” Qualitative Research in Psychology, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 77–101, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

[43] L. S. Nowell, J. M. Norris, D. E. White, and N. J. Moules, “Thematic analysis: Striving to meet the trustworthiness criteria,” International Journal of Qualitative Methods, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917733847

[44] I. Korstjens and A. Moser, “Series: Practical guidance to qualitative research. Part 4: Trustworthiness and publishing,” European Journal of General Practice, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 120–124, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1080/13814788.2017.1375092

[45] S. J. Tracy, “Qualitative quality: Eight ‘big-tent’ criteria for excellent qualitative research,” Qualitative Inquiry, vol. 16, no. 10, pp. 837–851, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800410383121

Author Biographies

Sakira Maulana Amin, Universitas Islam Negeri Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi

Author Origin : Indonesia

Department of Islamic Education

ORCID iD orcid.org/0009-0000-2481-1295

Jamilah, Universitas Islam Negeri Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi

Author Origin : Indonesia

Department of Islamic Education

ORCID iD orcid.org/0009-0001-5083-9010

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.