Manajemen Sekolah Berbasis Pendidikan Lingkungan dalam Pembentukan Karakter Peduli Lingkungan Siswa: Kajian Literatur Integratif
DOI:
10.70211/sakalima.v3i1.461Published:
2026-03-28Downloads
Abstract
Environmental education has become an essential agenda in school management because ecological awareness must be translated into students’ values, habits, and responsible behavior. This study aims to synthesize previous research on the integration of environmental education into school management to strengthen students’ environmental care character. This study employed an integrative literature review by analyzing relevant studies published between 2018 and 2025 on school management, environmental education, green schools, Adiwiyata programs, school culture, environmental literacy, and pro-environmental behavior. The reviewed literature was analyzed thematically to identify recurring patterns related to institutional policy, curriculum integration, school culture, stakeholder participation, environmental facilities, and program evaluation. The findings indicate that environmental education is more effective when it is embedded in school management through strategic planning, curriculum implementation, daily habituation, teacher and principal role modelling, student participation, supportive infrastructure, and continuous evaluation. The synthesis also shows that students’ environmental care character is not formed merely through classroom instruction, but through a consistent school ecosystem that integrates cognitive, affective, behavioral, cultural, and managerial dimensions. This study contributes a conceptual framework of environmental education-based school management, in which institutional, pedagogical, cultural, participatory, ecological-practical, and evaluative components work together to shape students’ environmental responsibility. The implication of this study is that schools should position environmental education as an integral part of institutional governance rather than as an additional, ceremonial, or award-oriented program.
Keywords:
Adiwiyata Program Environmental Care Character Environmental Education School Culture School ManagementReferences
[1] UNESCO, Education for Sustainable Development: A Roadmap. Paris, France: UNESCO, 2020. https://doi.org/10.54675/YFRE1448
[2] Y. Zhao, X. Liu, and X. Han, “Enhancing pro-environmental behavior through nature-contact environmental education: An empirical analysis based on randomized controlled experiment design,” Frontiers in Environmental Science, vol. 12, Dec. 2024. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1491780
[3] N. M. Ardoin, A. W. Bowers, and E. Gaillard, “Environmental education outcomes for conservation: A systematic review,” Biological Conservation, vol. 241, p. 108224, Jan. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2019.108224
[4] A. E. Torsdottir, D. Olsson, and A. T. Sinnes, “Developing action competence for sustainability: Do school experiences in influencing society matter?,” Global Environmental Change, vol. 86, p. 102840, May 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2024.102840
[5] U. Müller, D. R. Hancock, C. Wang, T. Stricker, T. Cui, and M. Lambert, “School leadership, education for sustainable development (ESD), and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: Perspectives of principals in China, Germany, and the USA,” Education Sciences, vol. 12, no. 12, p. 853, Nov. 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12120853
[6] D. Olsson, N. Gericke, and J. Boeve-de Pauw, “The effectiveness of education for sustainable development revisited: A longitudinal study on secondary students’ action competence for sustainability,” Environmental Education Research, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 405–429, Mar. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2022.2033170
[7] N. Nurwidodo, M. Amin, I. Ibrohim, and S. Sueb, “The role of Eco-School Program (Adiwiyata) towards environmental literacy of high school students,” European Journal of Educational Research, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 1089–1103, Jul. 2020. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.9.3.1089
[8] W. H. Prasetiyo et al., “Caring for the environment in an inclusive school: The Adiwiyata green school program in Indonesia,” Issues in Educational Research, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 1040–1057, 2020.
[9] M. Imran, N. Almusharraf, and M. S. Abdellatif, “Education for a sustainable future: The impact of environmental education on shaping sustainable values and attitudes among students,” International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 155–171, Aug. 2024. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijep.v14i6.48659
[10] Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup/Badan Pengendalian Lingkungan Hidup, “Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup/Badan Pengendalian Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 5 Tahun 2025 tentang Penyelenggaraan Program Adiwiyata,” JDIH BPK RI, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/345468/permen-lhbplh-no-5-tahun-2025
[11] S. Sunarto, “Environmental literacy and care behavior through Adiwiyata Program at elementary school,” AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 3040–3050, Sep. 2023. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i3.3887
[12] T. C. G. Tompodung, S. B. Rushayati, and M. N. Aidi, “Efektivitas Program Adiwiyata terhadap perilaku ramah lingkungan warga sekolah di Kota Depok,” Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 170–177, Aug. 2018. https://doi.org/10.29244/jpsl.8.2.170-177
[13] Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup/Badan Pengendalian Lingkungan Hidup, “Adiwiyata: Program Adiwiyata—Gerakan Sekolah Peduli dan Berbudaya Lingkungan.” [Online]. Available: https://www.menlhk.go.id
[14] H. Heleri and B. Ismanto, “The evaluation of Adiwiyata-school program,” Mimbar Ilmu, vol. 26, no. 3, p. 483, Dec. 2021. https://doi.org/10.23887/mi.v26i3.41537
[15] A. C. Pelita and H. Widodo, “Evaluasi Program Sekolah Adiwiyata di Sekolah Dasar Muhammadiyah Bantul Kota,” Sekolah Dasar: Kajian Teori dan Praktik Pendidikan, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 145–157, Dec. 2020. https://doi.org/10.17977/um009v29i22020p145
[16] T. Turiyah, H. Harjito, and N. Nurkolis, “Transforming school environmental culture through managerial leadership of school principals: A case study of SMP Negeri 2 Kajen,” AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, vol. 17, no. 4, Jan. 2026. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v17i4.8767
[17] L. Saadah, R. Rusnaini, and M. Muchtarom, “The internalization of school environmental care through Adiwiyata program,” Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 205–213, Oct. 2023. https://doi.org/10.21831/jc.v20i2.56549
[18] S. B. Rushayati, R. Hermawan, and L. N. Ginoga, “The role of Adiwiyata school in the change of students’ knowledge, attitude, and behavior towards the environment,” Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 122–128, Mar. 2023. https://doi.org/10.29244/jpsl.13.1.122-128
[19] J. Liu and R. J. Green, “Children’s pro-environmental behaviour: A systematic review of the literature,” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, vol. 205, p. 107524, Jun. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.107524
[20] W. Świątkowski, F. L. Surret, J. Henry, C. Buchs, E. P. Visintin, and F. Butera, “Interventions promoting pro-environmental behaviors in children: A meta-analysis and a research agenda,” Journal of Environmental Psychology, vol. 96, p. 102295, Jun. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102295
[21] J. van de Wetering, P. Leijten, J. Spitzer, and S. Thomaes, “Does environmental education benefit environmental outcomes in children and adolescents? A meta-analysis,” Journal of Environmental Psychology, vol. 81, p. 101782, Jun. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2022.101782
[22] S. Z. Alshehri, “Exploring students’ pro-environmental knowledge and behaviour perceptions: A mixed methods investigation,” Journal of Turkish Science Education, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 389-409, Sep. 2024. https://doi.org/10.36681/tused.2024.021
[23] S. H. Pratama, R. H. Ristanto, T. Handayani, D. V. Sigit, and R. Komala, “Factors influencing students’ pro-environmental behavior: A systematic literature review,” Biosfer: Jurnal Tadris Biologi, vol. 15, no. 1, p. 135, Jul. 2024. https://doi.org/10.24042/biosfer.v15i1.20376
[24] H. Santosa and Supadi, “The dynamics of community participation in establishing a sustainable school culture: Exploring the role of environmental values in Adiwiyata schools,” Indonesian Values and Character Education Journal, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 110–119, Oct. 2024. https://doi.org/10.23887/ivcej.v7i2.81015
[25] A. C. Jaya, N. Azizah, and M. F. Aulia, “The relationship between school culture and pro-environmental behavior among senior high school students in Yogyakarta,” Journal of Innovation in Educational and Cultural Research, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1–7, Jan. 2024. https://doi.org/10.46843/jiecr.v5i1.1064
[26] C. Salazar, M. Jaime, M. Leiva, and N. González, “Environmental education and children’s pro-environmental behavior on plastic waste: Evidence from the green school certification program in Chile,” International Journal of Educational Development, vol. 109, p. 103106, Sep. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2024.103106
[27] B. Damoah and B. I. Omodan, “Determinants of effective environmental education policy in South African schools,” International Journal of Educational Research Open, vol. 3, p. 100206, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2022.100206
[28] J. Holst, A. Brock, J. Grund, A.-K. Schlieszus, and M. Singer-Brodowski, “Whole-school sustainability at the core of quality education: Wished for by principals but requiring collective and structural action,” Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 519, p. 145897, Aug. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145897
[29] N. Gericke and T. Torbjörnsson, “Identifying capital for school improvement: Recommendations for a whole school approach to ESD implementation,” Environmental Education Research, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 803–825, Jun. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2022.2045256
[30] A. Forssten Seiser, A. Mogren, N. Gericke, T. Berglund, and D. Olsson, “Developing school leading guidelines facilitating a whole school approach to education for sustainable development,” Environmental Education Research, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 783–805, May 2023. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2022.2151980
[31] Ş. Demirtaş, N. Karasu, K. Afacan, Ç. Aykut, M. B. Karahan, and C. Sert, “Integrating pro-environmental behaviors into school-wide positive behavioral interventions and supports for creating green schools,” Improving Schools, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 3–19, Mar. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1177/13654802241281185
[32] J. Miyatani and C. Söderberg, “Enabling environmental education: Value hierarchies of sustainability objectives for upper-secondary school,” Cleaner Production Letters, vol. 10, p. 100122, Jun. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clpl.2025.100122
[33] N. A. Wibowo, S. Sumarmi, S. Utaya, S. Bachri, and Y. Kodama, “Students’ environmental care attitude: A study at Adiwiyata public high school based on the New Ecological Paradigm (NEP),” Sustainability, vol. 15, no. 11, p. 8651, May 2023. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15118651
[34] D. Goldman, O. Ayalon, D. Baum, and B. Weiss, “Influence of ‘green school certification’ on students’ environmental literacy and adoption of sustainable practice by schools,” Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 183, pp. 1300–1313, May 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.02.176
[35] X. Zhang, W. Jung, and M. Asari, “Systematic review of environmental education teaching practices in schools: Trends and gaps (2015–2024),” Sustainability, vol. 17, no. 19, p. 8561, Sep. 2025. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17198561
[36] J. W. Creswell and J. D. Creswell, Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA, USA: SAGE Publications, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://books.google.co.id/books?id=Pr2VEAAAQBAJ
[37] H. Snyder, “Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines,” Journal of Business Research, vol. 104, pp. 333–339, Nov. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039
[38] K. D. Elsbach and D. van Knippenberg, “Creating high-impact literature reviews: An argument for ‘integrative reviews’,” Journal of Management Studies, vol. 57, no. 6, pp. 1277–1289, Sep. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12581
[39] C. Post, R. Sarala, C. Gatrell, and J. E. Prescott, “Advancing theory with review articles,” Journal of Management Studies, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 351–376, Mar. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12549
[40] M. Alvesson and J. Sandberg, “The problematizing review: A counterpoint to Elsbach and Van Knippenberg’s argument for integrative reviews,” Journal of Management Studies, vol. 57, no. 6, pp. 1290–1304, Sep. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12582
[41] S. Nuzulia, S. Sukamto, and A. Purnomo, “Implementasi Program Adiwiyata Mandiri dalam menanamkan karakter peduli lingkungan siswa,” Sosio-Didaktika: Social Science Education Journal, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 155–164, Feb. 2020. https://doi.org/10.15408/sd.v6i2.11334
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Samsul Hadi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
