QR-Code Assisted PAI E-Module Design: A Development Study to Improve Learning Outcomes

QR-Code Assisted PAI E-Module Design: A Development Study to Improve Learning Outcomes

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70211/culturaislamica.v2i1.358

Keywords:

E-Modul, Learning Outcomes, Merdeka Curriculum, Islamic Religious Education, QR Code

Abstract

This study focuses on the development of a QR Code-based electronic teaching module for Islamic Religious Education (PAI) aimed at improving the learning outcomes of grade VII students at SMP Negeri 16 Bandar Lampung. In line with the importance of utilizing digital learning tools within the context of the Merdeka Curriculum, this research addresses the challenges of traditional Islamic education by integrating multimedia elements and interactivity through the use of QR Codes. The QR Code in the e-module connects students to additional digital content such as videos, interactive exercises, and enrichment readings, facilitating a more engaging and flexible learning experience. This study uses a Research and Development (R&D) approach with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The results from the development phase show very high feasibility, with expert validation scores of 97% for content, 95% for language, and 74% for media design, all categorized as highly feasible for educational use. Additionally, the implementation phase showed positive student engagement, with a significant improvement in learning outcomes, as evidenced by an N-Gain score of 0.69 and Paired Samples T-Test results showing significant improvement (p<0.001). This study contributes to the development of digital learning tools by highlighting the potential of QR Code-based modules to support independent learning and enhance understanding of Islamic teachings. The study also emphasizes the importance of context-appropriate design in the integration of digital tools in Islamic education.

Author Biographies

Nova Rahmadayanti , Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Department of Islamic Education

Adelia Lestarina , Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Department of Islamic Education

Nachua Qinanthi, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Department of Islamic Education

Dea Asmara, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Department of Islamic Education

Azra Tajhizi, Universitas Maraghch

Department of English Language

References

Afonso, I., Morgado, L., & Noguera, I. (2025). Flexible learning by design: Enhancing faculty digital competence and engagement through the FLeD project. Educ. Sci., 15(7), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15070934

Ilyas, & Muchsin. (2025). The future of education: Integrating technology with interactive teaching methods. J. Pedagog. J. Pendidik., 2(1), 80-94. https://doi.org/10.62872/j1hydk82

Qizi, F. D. A. (2025). Technology reshapes pedagogy toward more student-centered approaches. Int. J. Artif. Interlligence, 5(08), 450-455. https://doi.org/10.1234/ijai.v5i3.6122

Ap, D., Tumonglo, Y. T., Husnatul, F., & Hari, R. (2025). Differentiated learning in the Merdeka Curriculum: A literature review on school practices. J. English Lang. Educ., 10(4), 1535-1544. https://doi.org/10.31004/jele.v10i4.1297

Taek, V. (2024). Teachers' perspectives on differentiated learning in the independent curriculum: Context Indonesia. Panicgogy Int. J., 2(1), 39-47. https://doi.org/10.59965/pij.v2i1.149

Halimah, S., Nurwahidin, M., & Sari, S. R. (2025). Managing independence in curriculum design to optimize differentiated learning: A systematic review. J. Educ. Manag. Res., 4(03), 1254-1267. https://doi.org/10.61987/jemr.v4i3.1221

Muslimah, H., & Sukartono, S. (2025). Teachers' challenges during the transition from the 2013 curriculum to the independent curriculum in elementary schools. J. Educ. Res., 54(1), 49-60. https://doi.org/10.15294/lik.v54i1.19314

Satriani, Amiruddin, A. Sakinah, & Muktamar, A. (2023). Problems of implementing the independent learning curriculum in the digital era. Indones. J. Res. Educ. Rev., 2(4), 36-43. https://doi.org/10.51574/ijrer.v2i4.934

Noer, S. T. L. F., & Fitria, N. L. F. (2024). Harmonizing tradition and modernity: Teaching critical thinking in Islamic Religious Education. Int. J. Arts Soc. Sci., 7(12), 179-186.

Nurhaliza, S., & Ferdinan. (2025). Implementing active learning strategies to improve the quality of Islamic Religious Education: A case study of Al-Bahra Islamic High School, Jeneponto. J. Contemp. Islam. Educ. Res., 1(1), 75-86.

Sanusi, M. (2024). Transforming Islamic education in the digital age: Challenges and opportunities for the young generation. Innov. Educ. J., 5(3), 206-215. https://doi.org/10.51278/aj.v6i3.1479

Muslim, (2024). Internalizing digital technology in Islamic education. J. Pnedidikan Islam dan Multikultural, 6(3), 180-197. https://doi.org/10.37680/scaffolding.v6i3.6309

Mashudi, & Hilman, C. (2024). Digital-based Islamic Religious Education: A new orientation in enhancing student engagement and spiritual understanding. Glob. Int. J. Innov. Res., 2(10), 2487-2501. https://doi.org/10.59613/66eafx60

Rohmiati, E. (2025). The use of digital media in learning Islamic Religious Education: Opportunities and challenges. J. Stud. Kependidikan dan Keislam., 14(1), 33-45. https://doi.org/10.54437/juw

Trisnawati, T. E., Fadillah, N., Putri, Z. A., & Defriani. (2025). Integration of digital media in Islamic Religious Education learning in secondary schools: A literature review. J. Pemikir. dan Pendidik. Islam, 15(1), 343-359. https://doi.org/10.54180/elbanat.2025.15.1.343-359

Sari, P. K., & Qonita, D. N. (2024). QR code-based digital media for scientific literacy skills enhancement of elementary school students. J. Teknol. Pendidik., 26(1), 63-83. https://doi.org/10.21009/jtp.v26i1.43285

Rakha, A. H. (2025). Cooperative learning with QR codes technology: Enhancing cognitive achievement and attitudes among students. Front. Educ., 10(October), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1655913

Widanti, A. P., & Fathurrahman, M. (2024). Development of digital learning materials using a QR code based book creator application to improve student learning outcomes in science subjects. J. Penelit. Pendidik. IPA, 10(10), 7885-7893. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i10.7933

Ibrahim, & Suranti, N. M. Y. (2025). Integrating QR code technology in elementary science content: A developmental study on critical thinking skills. J. Penelit. Pendidik. IPA, 11(11), 215-228. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i11.12629

Wulansari, D., & Nilam Tyas, D. (2025). The development of interactive picture card media with QR code to improve IPAS learning outcomes. J. Prima Edukasia, 13(2), 213-224. https://doi.org/10.22219/raden.v5i1.39180

Qurrotu'ain, S., Shohib, M. W., & Nubail, A. (2024). The effectiveness of using e-modules as digital learning media in the learning of Islamic education. Islam. Educ. Thoughts Pract., 8(2), 185-196. https://doi.org/10.23917/iseedu.v8i2.8999

Faidah, D. I., Suryanti, & Istiq'faroh, N. (2025). Systematic literature review: E-module in digitization of learning in elementary schools. J. Innov. Res. Prim. Educ., 4(3), 825-834. https://doi.org/10.56916/jirpe.v4i3.1448

Utami, R. A., Nelmira, W., & Hafidza, H. (2025). Digital learning modules: Perspectives on usability, content quality, and effectiveness. J. Teknol. Pendidik., 10(4), 639-646. https://doi.org/10.33394/jtp.v10i4.17561

Alamin, & Nurhanurawati, F. (2024). The development of learning e-modules based on contextual teaching and learning on the material of changing the form of energy to improve students' science literacy. J. Penelit. Pendidik. IPA, 10(8), 6095-6103. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i8.8323

Hasrah, & Wiratman, A. (2025). Development of flipping book-based e-modules integrated with Islamic values to enhance interest and learning outcomes. Educ. J. Learn. Technol., 2(3), 249-260. https://doi.org/10.58230/edutech.v2i3.54

Haryanti, Y. D., et al. (2025). Enhancing project-based learning through digital e-modules in elementary schools. J. Ilm. Sekol. Dasar, 9(2), 263-277. https://doi.org/10.23887/jisd.v9i2.93786

Minard, C. (2024). Use of QR codes to enhance learning in a graduate-level clinical course. J. Form. Des. Learn., 8(2), 63-70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41686-024-00092-0

Sondhi, A., & Kumar, R. (2022). QR codes in education: A review. Int. J. Sci. Res. Sci. Technol., 9(1), 193-205. https://doi.org/10.32628/IJSRST229118

Arfah, W., et al. (2025). Effect of QR-code-based learning media on civics achievement in Indonesian high schools. J. Etika Demokr., 10(4), 424-453. https://doi.org/10.26618/sjvdd162

Penelitian, J. (2025). Development of QR-code media-based modules in constructing learning to increase learning motivation. J. Teknol. Pendidik., 10(1), 191-199. https://doi.org/10.33394/jtp.v10i1.14577

Maharani, R. N., et al. (2025). Development of e-modules assisted by QR code through PBL learning based on socio-scientific issues (SSI) to improve critical thinking skills: Review article. J. Ris. Pembelajaran Kim., 10(2), 91-101. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i2.7933

Nurhasanah, A., Handoyo, E., Widiyatmoko, A., & Rusdarti, R. (2025). Digital-based learning media innovation: Improving motivation and science learning outcomes. Int. J. Soc. Educ. Sci., 7(2), 185-194. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijonses.723

Ngurah, D., & Laksana, L. (2024). Validation instruments for local culture-based learning media. J. Educ. Technol., 8(2), 264-274. https://doi.org/10.23887/jet.v8i2.74446

Syamriani, S., Jusniar, J., & Hardin, H. (2023). Development of e-module flipbook buffer solution based on discovery learning model. J. Chem. Educ., 12(1), 8-16. https://doi.org/10.26740/ujced.v12n1.p8-16

Pamuji, Z., & Mawardi, K. (2023). Islamic Religious Education curriculum development based on multiculturalism in Merdeka curriculum at elementary school. Int. J. Educ. Teach. Zo., 2(2), 286-298. https://doi.org/10.57092/ijetz.v2i2.125

Kulsum, U., & Effendi, M. R. (2025). Analysis of the Islamic Religious Education curriculum on the Merdeka curriculum. Interdiscip. J. Islam. Educ., 3(1), 12-20. https://doi.org/10.52593/adb.03.1.02

Pratiwi, V., Panduwinata, L. F., Adimas, I., Saputra, G., Listiadi, A., & Hakim, L. (2025). International journal of studies in innovation in teacher education: A QR-code integrated textbook for developing personality and teaching competence. Int. J. Stud. Int. Educ., 2(4), 61-69. https://doi.org/10.62951/ijsie.v2i4.420

Wadjdi, F., & Rahardjo, I. A. (2025). Innovative QR code-based interactive teaching materials in electrical circuit learning. Testing, Psychom. Methodol. Appl. Psychol., 32(R2), 962-972. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1655913

Firozabad, M. M., Hashemi, Z. S., & Samadi, S. (2024). The impact of using quick response (QR) codes on improving learning and retention of science among sixth-grade female students in district 19 of Tehran. Int. J. Educ. Cogn. Sci., 5(3), 16-23. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.ijecs.5.3.3

Wadjdi, F., & Jarudin. (2025). Linking the physical and digital: QR-code-powered teaching resources for advancing electrical circuit literacy. Int. J. Basic Appl. Sci. Website, 14(6), 472-481. https://doi.org/10.14419/6m4vj678

Nurrahman, M., Marmoah, S., & Suryandari, K. C. (2025). Assessing SRBP-based instructional materials: An expert judgment approach. Muhammad, Soc. Humanit. Educ. Stud., 8(4), 92-104. https://doi.org/10.20961/shes.v8i4.109452

Molavi, M., Moein, M., Tavakoli, M., Faraji, A., Mol, S. T., & Kismihók, G. (2025). Embedding-based rankings of educational resources based on learning outcome alignment: Benchmarking, expert validation, and learner performance. Comput. Soc., 1(1), 1-11.

Timbi-sisalima, C., Mary, S., Ot, S., & Mendoza-gonz, R. (2024). Self-assessment guide to quality in accessible virtual education: An expert validation. J. Sustain., 16(22), 1-31. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162210011

Zhu, Y., Kusurkar, R. A., & Dolmans, D. (2025). Evaluating and understanding undergraduate students' basic psychological needs satisfaction and motivation across different learning environments: A mixed-methods study. Learn. Environ. Res., 29(9), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10984-025-09558-9

Widiawati, H., Sujarwo, & Saptono, B. (2025). The effectiveness of electronic use of Moodle-assisted modules in student numeracy literacy learning. Int. J. Inf. Educ. Technol., 15(8), 1729-1742. https://doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2025.15.8.2374

Kandiri. (2025). Development of QR-code media-based modules in constructing learning to increase learning motivation. J. Teknol. Pendidik., 10(1), 191-199. https://doi.org/10.33394/jtp.v10i1.14577

Primayana, K. H. (2022). The effectiveness of using teaching modules in the independent curriculum in elementary schools. Edukasi, 3(2), 171-180. https://doi.org/10.55115/edukasi.v3i2.2481

Br, E. D. (2022). Development of Islamic religious education module higher order thinking skills (HOTS) in junior high school 7 state Medan City. IJESSM, 2(2), 144-155. https://doi.org/10.52121/ijessm.v2i1.95

Tasbi, H. (2025). Development of Islamic religious education and ethics teaching module for class X of high school: An approach based on Islamic values and the independent curriculum. Educ. J. Learn. Technol., 2(2), 112-122. https://doi.org/10.58230/edutech.v2i2.38

Rumaysa, N. A., et al. (2025). Pengembangan modul berbasis SETS (Science, Environment, Technology, and Society) berbantuan Quick Response Code (QR-CODE) pada materi hidrokarbon kelas XI SMA/MA. Panthera, 5(3), 405-419. https://doi.org/10.36312/panthera.v5i3.457

Zhang, F., et al. (2023). A comparative analysis of data analysis tools for data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry. Mass Spectrometry Reviews, 22(9), 100623. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100623

Ramadhan, H., Izzatul, U., & Khalisah, U. (2025). Typical characteristics of Islamic religious education and its role in fostering Islamic character. Bulletin of Islamic Research, 3(1), 69-80. https://doi.org/10.69526/bir.v3i1.171

Komalasari, M., & Yakubu, A. B. (2023). Implementation of student character formation through Islamic religious education. At-Tadzkir Islam. Educ. J., 2(1), 52-64. https://doi.org/10.59373/attadzkir.v2i1.16

Aransyah, A., & Adha, M. M. (2022). The use of QR-code media in PKN subjects to foster the democratic character of 21st-century students. Educenter J. Ilm. Pendidik., 1(10). https://doi.org/10.55904/educenter.v1i10.424

Puspitasari, R., Hamdani, D., & Risdianto, E. (2020). Pengembangan e-modul berbasis HOTS berbantuan flipbook marker sebagai bahan ajar alternatif siswa SMA. JKF, 3(3), 247-254. https://doi.org/10.33369/jkf.3.3.247-254

Mar'atuttahirah. (2022). Development of a presence system for students using QR code based on Android application. EPI Int. J. Eng., 5(2), 117-122. https://doi.org/10.25042/epi-ije.082022.07

Abuludin, M. S., Saamri, N., & Salehudin, N. (2025). Students' perception on the use of QR code-based learning notes as an innovative teaching and learning tool. Int. J. Educ. Res. Sci. Technol., 10(2), 59-68. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Ismail, S. (2025). Digital learning: A solution for more inclusive and affordable education. Int. J. Educ. Digit. Learn., 3(4), 191-200. https://doi.org/10.47353/ijedl.v3i4.260

Putra, A. D., Yulianti, D., & Fitriawan, H. (2023). Pengembangan bahan ajar berbasis flipbook digital untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran pada siswa sekolah dasar. Jiip, 6(April), 2173-2177. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v6i4.1748

Esra. (2022). Opinions of students and parents on the QR code-supported cooperative learning method. J. Educ. Sci., 15(1), 662-692. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Downloads

Published

2026-05-13

How to Cite

[1]
N. Rahmadayanti, A. Lestarina, N. Qinanthi, D. Asmara, and Azra Tajhizi, “QR-Code Assisted PAI E-Module Design: A Development Study to Improve Learning Outcomes”, culturaislamica, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 162–175, May 2026.

Similar Articles

<< < 1 2 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.

Loading...